Producción CyT
Congreso
Autoría
Fecha
2016
Editorial y Lugar de Edición
Muséum national d?Histoire naturelle
Resumen
Información suministrada por el agente en
SIGEVA
Archaeobotanicalresearch has been developed in Central Argentina since 10 years ago. A total of15 archaeological sites in Cordoba province from early Late Holocene (4000 BP)to early Colonial Times (250 BP) have reported macro and/or micro botanicalremains. This work presents the results of the archaeobotanical study of theseopen-air and rock-cave archaeological sites, especially from a subsistencepoint of view. Concerning methodology, systematic sampling with the use of fine-sievingmethods was ...
Archaeobotanicalresearch has been developed in Central Argentina since 10 years ago. A total of15 archaeological sites in Cordoba province from early Late Holocene (4000 BP)to early Colonial Times (250 BP) have reported macro and/or micro botanicalremains. This work presents the results of the archaeobotanical study of theseopen-air and rock-cave archaeological sites, especially from a subsistencepoint of view. Concerning methodology, systematic sampling with the use of fine-sievingmethods was carried out for carporemains recovering in deposits related tohuman activities, especially of food production and consumption. On the otherhand, microscopic remains such as plant opal particles (phytoliths) and starch grainswere recovered from hand-stone and pottery vessel walls as well as fromsediment samples, followed standard methodology without use of heavy-liquids. Microremainsanalysis have played an important role in the recovering of different planttaxa mentioned in Spanish chronicles of 17th century, from which nocarpological remains were recovered. Results of this work show a characteristicdistribution and composition of the archaeobotanical assemblages, which were chronologicallywell defined. From a general perspective, it was observed that, since 4000 BP,a process of intensification of plant consumption appear to have been developedby hunter-gatherer groups. Later, crops had been incorporated by these groupspost-2000 BP. Finally, a mix of foraging and cultivation economy characterizedthe semi-sedentary residential groups of later Pre-Hispanic Period (1000-300BP) and early Colonial Times (250 BP). However, analyses of the taxa recoveredhave revealed differences and similarities between northern and north-westernareas of Cordoba province. In the spectrum of wild plants, mistol (Ziziphus mistol) dominated the northernarchaeobotanical assemblages among other taxa, while algarrobo (Prosopis sp.) was the only wild taxa presentin north-western ones. On the other hand, the spectrum of cultivated plantsshowed abundant maize (Zea mays), andquinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and Phaseolus vulgaris presence in northernarea, while scarce maize, abundant beans (Phaseolusvulgaris and P. lunatus), andsquash (Cucurbita sp.) presence innorth-western area. In sum, this whole approach, which includes multipleevidences analysis, have allowed knowing about the types and manners in which wildand cultivated resources had been consumed in central Argentina in ancienttimes, an area from where archaeobotanical information was very scarce.
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Palabras Clave
HUNTER-GATHERER GROUPSARCHAEOBOTANYARGENTINACORDOBA PROVINCEAGROCULTURAL SOCIETIES