Producción CyT
TOURISM FOR SUSTAINABLE FUTURE - Tourism and sustainable development: a complex systems methodology approach.
Congreso
Fecha:
2023Editorial y Lugar de Edición:
Avangard PrimaISSN:
978-619-239-887-3Resumen *
In most cases, tourism is a productive activity that has a strong relationship with the environment and natural resources. The activity benefits from natural capital, its main input, and generates pollution and land degradation. In addition, the economic interests of this activity are often not aligned with the preservation of natural capital. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze Sustainable Tourism Development Systems, framed in the Economy of Complexity (Arthur,2021), which make economic development and the preservation of natural, cultural, and social capital concurrent, preserving equity and social justice (London, 2018). Thus, natural, cultural, social, and physical capitals interact (Berkes and Folke, 1991), forming a Complex System of Interrelation of Capitals.In this article, we analyze the interaction between natural, cultural, and social capital from a sustainable development perspective (Labandeira et al., 2007). We link tourism as part of physical capital and source of growth and sustainable development, to the complex systemic analysis associated with the interrelation between natural, cultural, and social capital. To this end, we use the Complex Systems methodology called Causal Loop Diagrams (CLD). CLDs represent a system in three basic elements: boxes, connections, and feedback loops. The boxes, or nodes, represent the variables of the system. The connections, or edges, represent the causal influence from one node to another (Barbook-Johnson & Penn, 2022). The final product of this work is the generation of the cyclic directed graph CLD. For the elaboration of this, we first performed a bibliometric analysis identifying the keywords that will be nodes of the graph. We created a meta-database from quantitative, qualitative and review articles, identifying the causal influence of the keywords associated with natural, cultural, social, and physical capital-tourism, and sustainable development.The results show that better tourism management and increased tourism development lead to improved sustainable development. However, it is observed in the graph that tourism development impacts both positively and negatively on sustainability. In turn, protected areas, tourism development and cultural tourism have a positive effect on the local economic development of the tourist destination. It is also important to highlight the negative effect that tourism development has on indigenous culture, cultural heterogeneity, protected areas and nature conservation. We also highlight the positive effect that tourism development has on environmental pollution. This implies that greater tourism development leads to greater environmental contamination, and this is a negative aspect. The literature also highlights that culture has a positive effect on tourism and vice versa. Likewise, nature conservation has a positive impact on social capital and social capital has both a negative and positive impact on nature conservation. On one hand, it is also observed that social capital impacts positively on tourism development, while tourism impacts both negatively and positively on social capital. ON the other hand, it should be noted that tourism has a negative impact on nature conservation, but nature conservation has a positive impact on tourism development. Información suministrada por el agente en SIGEVAPalabras Clave
COMPLEX SYSTEMSMETHODOLOGIETOURISM