Science and Technology Production
Book Chapter
Authorship
M.I. Aranguren
;
MARCOVICH, NORMA ESTHER
;
M.M. Reboredo
Date
2016
Publishing House and Editing Place
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Book
Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology
(pp. 1-26)
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ISBN
9780471440260
Summary
Information provided by the agent in
SIGEVA
Plant-derived vegetable fibers are classified according to their source in plants as bast, leaf, or seed-hair. The fibers in bast and leaf plants are integrated to the plant structure, providing strength and support. The principal chemical component of vegetable fibers is cellulose, with varying amounts of lignin and hemicelluloses also usually present; thus the fibers are also referred to as cellulosic or lignocellulosic. The fibers are grown throughout the world. The principal bast fibers are...
Plant-derived vegetable fibers are classified according to their source in plants as bast, leaf, or seed-hair. The fibers in bast and leaf plants are integrated to the plant structure, providing strength and support. The principal chemical component of vegetable fibers is cellulose, with varying amounts of lignin and hemicelluloses also usually present; thus the fibers are also referred to as cellulosic or lignocellulosic. The fibers are grown throughout the world. The principal bast fibers are flax, jute, and hemp, which are utilized primarily for fabrics (linen-flax, hessian-jute), bags, ropes, in newer biobased composites, and as a source of papermaking fibers, principally cigarette papers. The primary leaf fibers are abaca and sisal, which have uses similar to bast fibers, except fabrics are not produced from the leaf fibers. Cotton, coir, and kapok are the principal seed-hair fibers, with cotton by far the most important commercial vegetable fiber. Bast fibers are obtained from the plant, after harvest, by retting. The leaf fibers are obtained by crushing and scraping followed by washing. Vegetable fibers are generally graded according to color, luster, cleanliness, strength, fineness, and uniformity.In this entry, general concepts on plant fiber structure, processing techniques and fiber classification are introduced, together with some examples of the most utilized fibers and some of their characteristics, as well as their main commercial applications, and the more recent developments in the use of these fibers.
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Key Words
CELLULOSIC FIBERSCORDAGESOFT FIBERSBIOBASED COMPOSITESHARD FIBERSPAPERBAST FIBERSTEXTILES