Producción CyT
XI INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON EDIBLE MYCORRHIZAL MUSHROOMS - MOLECULAR DIVERSITY AND TOXICITY OF Gyromitra sp. (FALSE MOREL) IN THE ANDEAN-PATAGONIAN FOREST REGION
Congreso
Fecha:
2024Editorial y Lugar de Edición:
IWEMMResumen *
The genus Gyromitra in the order Pezizales comprises many distinct species, varying across different geographical regions. Referred to as "false morels". Gyromitra species exhibit cerebriform or discoid apothecia. Distinguishing Gyromitra species only based on morphological traits is chalenging, making DNA barcoding a valuable tool for accurate identification. Some Gyromitra species are characterized by containing gyromitrin, which is a dangerous neurotoxic derivative of hydrazine. The present study aimed to evaluate the molecular diversity and the hydrazine concentration in Gyromitra sp. specimens distributed in the Patagonian forest. The DNA region Internal Transcribed Spacer region (ITS) and the Large Subunit (LSU) of the Gyromitra samples have been sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. Reference sequences were downloaded from GenBank and aligned with Clustal W. Neighborjoining analysis was conducted for both datasets with Mega 11.0.10 using the Tamura-Nei model and 1000 bootstrap replicates. The study to detect hydrazine concentration was based on the condensation of hydrazine with vanilin in an acidic medium to form a yelow Schiff's base having a maximum absorbance at 400 nm. Analyses of data sets revealed that Patagonian "false morels" belong to the Esculenta Clade. Al specimens were identified as G. antarctica, species described for Argentina and Chile. We detected hydrazine in al tested specimens, reaching 20 to 80 mg equivalent hydrazine for kg fresh. Gyromitrin was also detected in G. antarctica native to Chile using the UHPLC analytical method. This study confirms that G. antarctica is distributed in Patagonia-Argentina and contains the toxin gyromitrin. Consequently, pretreatment is recommended for safe consumption. Información suministrada por el agente en SIGEVAPalabras Clave
NEUROTOXICITYG. ANTARCTICAGYROMITRINHYDRAZINE